Networking Introduction
OSI Layer
TCP
TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. This means that it first establishes a link between the source and destination before it sends data. CP is a preferred protocol when data integrity is critical, such as in any transactional system. Eg: email and file transfer
UDP
UDP in turn is not connection-oriented. UDP starts transmitting data immediately, without waiting for connection confirmation from the receiving side. Even though some data loss can happen, UDP is most often used in cases where speed is more important than perfect transmissions, such as in voice or video streaming.
Ports
A virtual point where network connections start and end. So that multiple applications can communicate easily.
| Port Number | Process | Uses |
|---|---|---|
| 80 | HTTP | |
| 443 | HTTPs | |
| 3306 | MySQl |
To check which ports the system are using
netstat -a -b
URL (Uniform Resource Locator)
A unique identifier is used to locate a resource on the Internet. Lilke HTML, JS files.
URL Breakdown
- Generally, the URL doesn't contains a port number in the string because it is by default. For eg,
google.comorgoogle.com:443
IP Address
IP Address classes
What's next?
- Networking Commands - Learn about the commands that you can use with Networking.
- Learning Resources - Learn more about Networking with these resources.